Comparing Gausian and exact models of malicious interference in VLC systems
Abstract
Visible Light Communication (VLC) is a technique for high-speed, low-cost wireless data transmission based on LED luminaries. Wireless LAN environments are a major application of VLC. In these environments, VLC is used in place of traditional systems such as Wi-Fi. Because of the physical characteristics of visible light, VLC is considered to be superior to traditional radio-based communication in terms of security. However, as in all wireless systems, the security of VLC with respect to eavesdropping, signal jamming and modification must be analyzed. This paper focuses on the aspect of jamming in VLC networks. In environments where multiple VLC transmitters are used, there is the possibility that one or more transmitters will be hostile (or "rogue"). This leads to communication disruption, and in some cases, the hijacking of the legitimate data stream. In this paper we present the theoretical system model that is used in simulations to evaluate various rogue transmission scenarios in a typical indoor environment. The typical approach used so far in jamming analysis assumes that all disruptive transmissions may be modeled as Gaussian noise, but this assumption may be too simplistic. We analyze and compare two models of VLC jamming: the simplified Gaussian and the exact model, where the full characteristics of the interfering signal are taken into account. Our aim is to determine which methodology is adequate for studying signal jamming in VLC systems.References
G. Pang, K.-L. Ho, T. Kwan, and E. Yang, “Visible light communication
for audio systems,” IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol. 45,
no. 4, pp. 1112–1118, 1999.
Y. Tanaka, S. Haruyama, and M. Nakagawa, “Wireless optical trans-
missions with white colored led for wireless home links,” in Personal,
Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2000. PIMRC 2000. The
th IEEE International Symposium on, vol. 2. IEEE, 2000, pp. 1325–
T. Komine and M. Nakagawa, “Fundamental analysis for visible-light
communication system using LED lights,” IEEE Transactions on Con-
sumer Electronics, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 100–107, 2004.
D. C. O’Brien, L. Zeng, H. Le-Minh, G. Faulkner, J. W. Walewski, and
S. Randel, “Visible light communications: Challenges and possibilities,”
in 2008 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and
Mobile Radio Communications, Sept 2008, pp. 1–5.
H. Le Minh, D. O’Brien, G. Faulkner, L. Zeng, K. Lee, D. Jung,
and Y. Oh, “High-speed visible light communications using multiple-
resonant equalization,” IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol. 20,
no. 14, pp. 1243–1245, 2008.
H. Elgala, R. Mesleh, and H. Haas, “Indoor optical wireless communi-
cation: potential and state-of-the-art,” IEEE Communications Magazine,
vol. 49, no. 9, 2011.
A. H. Azhar, T. Tran, and D. O’Brien, “A gigabit/s indoor wireless
transmission using mimo-ofdm visible-light communications,” IEEE
photonics technology letters, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 171–174, 2013.
M. S. Islim, R. X. Ferreira, X. He, E. Xie, S. Videv, S. Viola, S. Watson,
N. Bamiedakis, R. V. Penty, I. H. White et al., “Towards 10 gb/s orthog-
onal frequency division multiplexing-based visible light communication
using a gan violet micro-led,” Photonics Research, vol. 5, no. 2, pp.
A35–A43, 2017.
P. H. Pathak, X. Feng, P. Hu, and P. Mohapatra, “Visible light commu-
nication, networking, and sensing: A survey, potential and challenges,”
IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 2047–2077,
Fourthquarter 2015.
L. U. Khan, “Visible light communication: Applications, architecture,
standardization and research challenges,” Digital Communications and
Networks, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 78–88, 2017.
e. a. Samsung Electronics, “Visible Light
Communication,” Tutorial, 2008. [Online]. Avail-
able: http://www.ieee802.org/802 tutorials/2008-03/15-08-0114-02-
-VLC Tutorial MCO Samsung-VLCC-Oxford 2008-03-17.pdf
K.-D. Langer, J. Grubor, O. Bouchet, M. El Tabach, J. W. Walewski,
S. Randel, M. Franke, S. Nerreter, D. C. O’Brien, G. E. Faulkner et al.,
“Optical wireless communications for broadband access in home area
networks,” in Transparent Optical Networks, 2008. ICTon 2008. 10th
Anniversary International Conference on, vol. 4. IEEE, 2008, pp. 149–
M. Yoshino, S. Haruyama, and M. Nakagawa, “High-accuracy position-
ing system using visible led lights and image sensor,” in Radio and
Wireless Symposium, 2008 IEEE. IEEE, 2008, pp. 439–442.
C. B. Liu, B. Sadeghi, and E. W. Knightly, “Enabling vehicular visible
light communication (v2lc) networks,” in Proceedings of the Eighth
ACM international workshop on Vehicular inter-networking. ACM,
, pp. 41–50.
G. Blinowski, “Security issues in visible light communication systems,”
IFAC-PapersOnLine, vol. 48, no. 4, pp. 234–239, 2015.
G. J. Blinowski, “Practical Aspects of Physical and MAC Layer Security
in Visible Light Communication Systems,” International Journal of
Electronics and Telecommunications, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 7–13, 2016.
——, “The feasibility of launching rogue transmitter attacks in indoor
visible light communication networks,” Wireless Personal Communica-
tions, vol. 97, no. 4, pp. 5325–5343, 2017.
Y. Chen, C. W. Sung, S. W. Ho, and W. S. Wong, “BER analysis
for interfering visible light communication systems,” in 2016 10th
International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and
Digital Signal Processing, CSNDSP 2016, 2016.
M. Abramowitz, I. A. Stegun, and R. H. Romer, “Handbook of
Mathematical Functions with Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical
Tables,” American Journal of Physics, vol. 56, no. 10, pp. 958–958,
[Online]. Available: http://aapt.scitation.org/doi/10.1119/1.15378
O. Abari, H. Rahul, and D. Katabi, “Poster: Clock synchronization
for distributed wireless protocols at the physical layer,” in Proceedings
of the 20th annual international conference on Mobile computing and
networking. ACM, 2014, pp. 337–340.
M. Nakagawa, “Visible light communications,” in Proc. Conference
on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science
Conference and Photonic Applications Systems Technologies, Baltimore,
K. Cui, J. Quan, and Z. Xu, “Performance of indoor optical femtocell
by visible light communication,” Optics Communications, vol. 298, pp.
–66, 2013.
A. Mostafa and L. Lampe, “Physical-layer security for indoor visible
light communications,” in Communications (ICC), 2014 IEEE Interna-
tional Conference on. IEEE, 2014, pp. 3342–3347.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
1. License
The non-commercial use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
2. Author’s Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author/s, has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author/s. The undersigned also warrants that the manuscript (or its essential substance) has not been published other than as an abstract or doctorate thesis and has not been submitted for consideration elsewhere, for print, electronic or digital publication.
3. User Rights
Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, the author(s) and users are free to share (copy, distribute and transmit the contribution) under the following conditions: 1. they must attribute the contribution in the manner specified by the author or licensor, 2. they may alter, transform, or build upon this work, 3. they may use this contribution for commercial purposes.
4. Rights of Authors
Authors retain the following rights:
- copyright, and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights,
- the right to use the substance of the article in own future works, including lectures and books,
- the right to reproduce the article for own purposes, provided the copies are not offered for sale,
- the right to self-archive the article
- the right to supervision over the integrity of the content of the work and its fair use.
5. Co-Authorship
If the article was prepared jointly with other authors, the signatory of this form warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to sign this agreement on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this agreement.
6. Termination
This agreement can be terminated by the author or the Journal Owner upon two months’ notice where the other party has materially breached this agreement and failed to remedy such breach within a month of being given the terminating party’s notice requesting such breach to be remedied. No breach or violation of this agreement will cause this agreement or any license granted in it to terminate automatically or affect the definition of the Journal Owner. The author and the Journal Owner may agree to terminate this agreement at any time. This agreement or any license granted in it cannot be terminated otherwise than in accordance with this section 6. This License shall remain in effect throughout the term of copyright in the Work and may not be revoked without the express written consent of both parties.
7. Royalties
This agreement entitles the author to no royalties or other fees. To such extent as legally permissible, the author waives his or her right to collect royalties relative to the article in respect of any use of the article by the Journal Owner or its sublicensee.
8. Miscellaneous
The Journal Owner will publish the article (or have it published) in the Journal if the article’s editorial process is successfully completed and the Journal Owner or its sublicensee has become obligated to have the article published. Where such obligation depends on the payment of a fee, it shall not be deemed to exist until such time as that fee is paid. The Journal Owner may conform the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization and usage that it deems appropriate. The Journal Owner will be allowed to sublicense the rights that are licensed to it under this agreement. This agreement will be governed by the laws of Poland.
By signing this License, Author(s) warrant(s) that they have the full power to enter into this agreement. This License shall remain in effect throughout the term of copyright in the Work and may not be revoked without the express written consent of both parties.