Suitability of Transport Techniques for Video Transmission in IP Networks
Abstract
The paper discusses the problem of video transmission in an IP network. The authors consider the ability of using the most popular video codecs that use both the MPEG2 Transport Stream and Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over Hypertext Transfer Protocol (DASH). The main emphasis was given to ensuring the quality of service and quality assessment methods, taking into account not only the service- or network provider’s point of view but also the end user’s perspective. Two quality assessment approaches were presented, i.e. objective and subjective methods. The authors presented the results of the quality evaluation for H.264/MPEG-4, H.265/HEVC and VP9 codecs. The objective measurements, proved by statistical analysis of user opinion scores, confirmed the ability of using H.265 and VP9 codecs in both real time and streaming transmissions, while the quality of video streaming over HTTP with the H.264 codec proved inadequate. The authors also presented a connection between the dynamics of network bandwidth changing and MPEG-DASH mechanism operation and their influence on thequality experienced by users.
References
”Cisco Visual Netw. Index: Forecast and Methodology, 2016-2021”, San Jose, CA, USA, Cisco Syst., Inc., White Paper 2017, Last view: October 2019.
”Cisco Visual Networking Index: Global Mobile Data Traffic, 2017-2022”, San Jose, CA, USA, Cisco Syst., Inc., White Paper 2017, Last view: October 2019.
”Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Specification for Service Information (SI) in DVB systems”, ETSI EN 300 468 V1.13.1, 2012.
I. Sodagar, “The MPEG-dash standard for multimedia streaming over the internet”, IEEE Multimedia, 2011.
T. Stockhammer, “Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP - Standards and design principles”, in MMSys’11 - Proceedings of the 2011 ACM Multimedia Systems Conference, 2011.
C. Sieber, T. Hosfeld, T. Zinner, P. Tran-Gia, and C. Timmerer, “Implementation and user-centric comparison of a novel adaptation logic for DASH with SVC”, in Proceedings of the 2013 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management, IM 2013, 2013.
T. C. Thang, Q. D. Ho, J. W. Kang, and A. T. Pham, “Adaptive streaming of audiovisual content using MPEG DASH”, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, 2012.
L. Pozueco, X. G. Paneda, R. Garcia, D. Melendi, S. Cabrero, and G. D. Orueta, “Adaptation engine for a streaming service based on MPEG DASH”, Multimedia Tools and Applications, 2015.
ITU-T J.343, ”Hybrid perceptual bitstream models for objective video quality measurements”, International Telecommunication Union Recommendation (2014), https://www.itu.int/itut/recommendations/rec.aspx?rec=12315; Last view: October 2019.
M. Leszczuk, K. Kowalczyk, L. Janowski, and Z. Papir, “Lightweight implementation of No-Reference (NR) perceptual quality assessment of H.264/AVC compression”, Signal Processing: Image Comm., 2015.
J. Nawała, L. Janowski, and M. Leszczuk, “Modeling of quality of experience in no-reference model”, Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, 2017.
K. Nowicki and T. Uhl, ”QoS/QoE in the Heterogeneous Internet of Things (IoT)”, Chapter in monograph: Beyond the Internet of Things, Springer Int. Publishing, ISBN 978-3-319-50756-9, pp. 165-196 (2017).
ITU-T J.247, ”Objective perceptual multimedia video quality measurement in the presence of a full reference”, ITU Recommendation (08/2008), https://www.itu.int/itut/recommendations/rec.aspx?rec=9497; Last view: October 2019.
ITU-T J.341, ”Objective perceptual multimedia video quality measurement of HDTV for digital cable television in the
presence of a full reference”, ITU Recommendation (03/2016), https://www.itu.int/itut/recommendations/rec.aspx?rec=12771; Last view: October 2019.
D. Johnson, ”Signal-to-noise ratio”, http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Signal-to-noise-ratio; Last view: October 2019.
C. Hoppe and T. Uhl, ”Video Streaming over IP using the DASH Technique”, Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
No. 2, pp. 1-5 (2018).
Opticom GmbH, http://www.opticom.de; Last view: October 2019.
ITU-T P.910, ”Subjective video quality assessment methods for multimedia applications”, ITU Recommendation (04/2008), https://www.itu.int/ITUT/recommendations/rec.aspx?rec=9317; Last view: October 2019.
D. Robinson, Y. Jutras, and V. Craciun, ”Subjective Video Quality Assessment of HTTP Adaptive Streaming Technologies”, Bell Labs Technical Journal 16(4), pp. 5-24, 2012, DOI: 10.1002/bltj.20531.
T. Uhl, J. Klink, and C. Hoppe, ”Por´ownanie pracy technik transportowych wideo w ´srodowisku IP”, Przegl. Telekomunikacyjny i Wiadomo´sci Telekomunikacyjne No. 7, pp. 595-598 (2019).
S. Qadir, A. Kist, and Z. Zhang, ”QoE-aware cross-layer architecture for video traffic over Internet”, Region 10 Symposium 2014 IEEE, pp. 522-526, 2014.
Q. Huynh-Thu and M. Ghanbari, ”The accuracy of PSNR in predicting video quality for different video scenes and frame rates”, Telecommun. Syst (2012) 49: 35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-010-9351-x.
J. Mongay Batalla, P. Krawiec, A. Beben, P. Wisniewski, and A. Chydzinski, “Adaptive Video Streaming: Rate and Buffer on the Track of Minimum Rebuffering”, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 34, no. 8, pp. 2154–2167, aug 2016. [Online]. Available:
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
1. License
The non-commercial use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
2. Author’s Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author/s, has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author/s. The undersigned also warrants that the manuscript (or its essential substance) has not been published other than as an abstract or doctorate thesis and has not been submitted for consideration elsewhere, for print, electronic or digital publication.
3. User Rights
Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, the author(s) and users are free to share (copy, distribute and transmit the contribution) under the following conditions: 1. they must attribute the contribution in the manner specified by the author or licensor, 2. they may alter, transform, or build upon this work, 3. they may use this contribution for commercial purposes.
4. Rights of Authors
Authors retain the following rights:
- copyright, and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights,
- the right to use the substance of the article in own future works, including lectures and books,
- the right to reproduce the article for own purposes, provided the copies are not offered for sale,
- the right to self-archive the article
- the right to supervision over the integrity of the content of the work and its fair use.
5. Co-Authorship
If the article was prepared jointly with other authors, the signatory of this form warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to sign this agreement on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this agreement.
6. Termination
This agreement can be terminated by the author or the Journal Owner upon two months’ notice where the other party has materially breached this agreement and failed to remedy such breach within a month of being given the terminating party’s notice requesting such breach to be remedied. No breach or violation of this agreement will cause this agreement or any license granted in it to terminate automatically or affect the definition of the Journal Owner. The author and the Journal Owner may agree to terminate this agreement at any time. This agreement or any license granted in it cannot be terminated otherwise than in accordance with this section 6. This License shall remain in effect throughout the term of copyright in the Work and may not be revoked without the express written consent of both parties.
7. Royalties
This agreement entitles the author to no royalties or other fees. To such extent as legally permissible, the author waives his or her right to collect royalties relative to the article in respect of any use of the article by the Journal Owner or its sublicensee.
8. Miscellaneous
The Journal Owner will publish the article (or have it published) in the Journal if the article’s editorial process is successfully completed and the Journal Owner or its sublicensee has become obligated to have the article published. Where such obligation depends on the payment of a fee, it shall not be deemed to exist until such time as that fee is paid. The Journal Owner may conform the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization and usage that it deems appropriate. The Journal Owner will be allowed to sublicense the rights that are licensed to it under this agreement. This agreement will be governed by the laws of Poland.
By signing this License, Author(s) warrant(s) that they have the full power to enter into this agreement. This License shall remain in effect throughout the term of copyright in the Work and may not be revoked without the express written consent of both parties.
