Robust Schemes to Enhance Energy Consumption Efficiency for Millimeter Wave-Based Microcellular Network in Congested Urban Environments

Authors

  • Faizan Qamar Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0390-7842
  • MHD Nour Hindia Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Henry Ojukwu Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Rosilah Hassan Network and Communication Technology (NCT) Lab, Centre for Cyber Security, Fakulti Teknologi & Sains Maklumat (FTSM), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
  • Kaharudin Dimyati Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Abstract

Future wireless communication networks will be largely characterized by small cell deployments, typically on the order of 200 meters of radius/cell, at most. Meanwhile, recent studies show that base stations (BS) account for about 80 to 95 % of the total network power. This simply implies that more energy will be consumed in the future wireless network since small cell means massive deployment of BS. This phenomenon makes energy-efficient (EE) control a central issue of critical consideration in the design of future wireless networks. This paper proposes and investigates (the performance of) two different energy-saving approaches namely, adaptive-sleep sectorization (AS), adaptive hybrid partitioning schemes (AH) for small cellular networks using smart antenna technique. We formulated a generic base-model for the above-mentioned schemes and applied the spatial Poisson process to reduce the system complexity and to improve flexibility in the beam angle reconfiguration of the adaptive antenna, also known as a smart antenna (SA). The SA uses the scalable algorithms to track active users in different segments/sectors of the microcell, making the proposed schemes capable of targeting specific users or groups of users in periods of sparse traffic, and capable of performing optimally when the network is highly congested. The capabilities of the proposed smart/adaptive antenna approaches can be easily adapted and integrated into the massive MIMO for future deployment. Rigorous numerical analysis at different orders of sectorization shows that among the proposed schemes, the AH strategy outperforms the AS in terms of energy saving by about 52 %. Generally, the proposed schemes have demonstrated the ability to significantly increase the power consumption efficiency of micro base stations for future generation cellular systems, over the traditional design methodologies.

Author Biographies

Faizan Qamar, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Faizan Qamar has a Ph.D. degree in Wireless Networks from the Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in October 2019. He had completed M.E. degree in Telecommunication from NED University, Karachi, Pakistan in 2013, and B.E. degree in Electronics from Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan, in 2010. He is currently serving as Senior Lecturer in the Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Selangor, Malaysia. He has more than eight years of research and teaching experience. He has authored and co-authored numerous ISI & Scopus journals and IEEE conference papers. He is also a reviewer of several national & international journals and IEEE conferences proceedings. His research interests include interference management, millimetre-wave communication, IoT networks, D2D communication and Quality of Service enhancement for the future wireless networks.

MHD Nour Hindia, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

MHD Nour Hindia Obtained his Ph.D In University of Malaya, Faculty of Engineering in Telecommunication in 2015. He is working in the field of Wireless Communications Especially in Channel Sounding, Network Planning, Converge Estimation, Handover, Scheduling and Quality of Service Enhancement for 5G Networks. Additioally, He is working with Research Group in Modulation and Coding Scheme for Internet of Thing for Future Network. He Has Authored and Co-Authored a Number of Science Citation Index (SCI) Journals and Conference Papers. He has also participated as a Reviewer and a Committee Member of a Number of ISI Journals and Conferences.

Henry Ojukwu, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Henry Ojukwu is currently doing PhD in Telecommunication Engineering from Auckland University of Technology, New Zeland. He is also a System Engineer & Pioneer Researcher in 5G and now 6G Wireless Communication Systems.

Rosilah Hassan, Network and Communication Technology (NCT) Lab, Centre for Cyber Security, Fakulti Teknologi & Sains Maklumat (FTSM), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor Malaysia

Rosilah Hassan is an Associate Professor at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) in the Faculty of Information Science and Technology. She received her Ph.D. in Mobile Communication from the University of Strathclyde, United Kingdom, in May 2008. She obtained her Master of Electrical (M.E.E) Engineering in Computer and Communication from the UKM, Malaysia, in 1999. Her first Degree was BSc. in Electronic Engineering from Hanyang University, South Korea. Rosilah Hassan worked as an Engineer with Samsung Electronic Malaysia in Seremban, Malaysia before joining UKM in 1997.  Besides being a senior lecturer, she got experience in management post for the university as the Deputy Director of Academic Entrepreneurship for over seven years.  She also is the Head of the Network Communication Technology (NCT) lab in her Faculty. Her research interests are in Mobile Communications, Networking, IoT, and Big Data.  She has had experience as an external examiner for Ph.D. and Master for both national and international level.  She is also an active member of IEEE, WIE, Malaysia Society for Engineering (MySET), Malaysian Board of Technologists (MBoT), and IET.

Kaharudin Dimyati, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Kaharudin Dimyati received his Bachelor of Engineering in Electrical from University of Malaya in 1992. He then continued his PhD in communication systems at the University of Wales Swansea, UK in 1993 and subsequently awarded a PhD in 1996. He is currently a professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. His research interests mainly wireless communication, optical communication and coding theory. He had supervised to completion to date 15 PhD students and 33 Master by research students. He had published more 100 papers in reputed journals. He is a member of IET (UK), IEEE (US), IEICE (Japan) and IEM (Malaysia). He is a Professional Engineer, Malaysia and Chartered Engineer (UK).

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Published

2024-04-19

Issue

Vol. 67 No. 3 (2021)

Section

Wireless and Mobile Communications

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