Throughput, Spectral, and Energy Efficiency of 5G Massive MIMO Applications Using Different Linear Precoding Schemes

Authors

  • M. Mourad Mabrook Beni-Suef University; Nahda University in Beni Suief
  • Ibrahim Salah Ibrahim Nahda University in Beni Suief
  • Kamel Hussein Rahouma Nahda University in Beni Suief Minia University
  • Aziza I. Hussein Effat University, Jeddah

Abstract

— A promising massive multiple input multiple output (M-MIMO) system is required to meet the growing need for highly traffic data, highly-resolution of streaming video, and intelligent communication on the fifth-generation wireless networks (5G). M-MIMO systems are essential for the optimization of the trade between energy efficiency (EE), throughput (R), and spectral _efficiency (SE) in wireless 5G networks. M-MIMO system architecture is proposed in this paper to enhance the trade-off between energy efficiency and uplink and downlink throughput at the optimum EE. Furthermore, using linear precoding techniques such as M MMSE, RZF, ZF, and MR, the EE-SE trade-off is optimized for uplink and downlink (M-MIMO) systems. The analysis of simulation results proved that throughput (R) is enhanced by increasing the number of antennas at optimum EE. After that, the proposed trading scheme is optimized and improved using M_MMSE compared to RZF, ZF. Finally, the results prove that M_MMSE gives the optimum trade-off between EE and R at the proved optimum ratio between the number of active antennas and the number of active users UEs

References

J. Andrews, S. Buzzi, W. Choi, S. Hanly, A. Lozano, A. Soong, and J. C. Zhang, “What will 5G be?,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 1065–1082, 2014 DOI: 10.1109/JSAC.2014.2328098

Marzetta, Thomas L. "Massive MIMO: an introduction." Bell Labs TechnicalJournal 20,pp.11-22,2015.‏DOI: 10.15325/BLTJ.2015.2407793

Larsson, Erik G., et al. "Massive MIMO for next generation wireless systems." IEEE communications magazine 522,pp. 186-195,2014.‏ DOI: 10.1109/MCOM.2014.6736761

H. Q. Ngo, E. G. Larsson, and T. L. Marzetta, “Energy and spectral efficiency of very large multiuser MIMO systems,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 61, no. 4, pp. 1436–1449, 2013 10.1109/TCOMM.2013.020413.110848

Ali, Asif, et al. "Spectral efficiency of massive MIMO communication systems with zero forcing and maximum ratio beamforming." Int. J. Adv. Comput. Sci. Appl 9.12 (2018): 383-388.

‏

Björnson, Emil, et al. "Optimal design of energy-efficient multi-user MIMO systems: Is massive MIMO the answer?." IEEE Transactions on wireless communications 14.6 (2015): 3059-3075. DOI: 10.1109/TWC.2015.2400437

‏

Salah, Ibrahim, et al. "Comparative study of efficiency enhancement technologies in 5G networks-A survey." Procedia Computer Science 182 (2021): 150-158. ‏ doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2021.02.020

Prasad, KNR Surya Vara, Ekram Hossain, and Vijay K. Bhargava. "Energy efficiency in massive MIMO-based 5G networks: Opportunities and challenges." IEEE Wireless Communications :pp. 86-94, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/MWC.2016.1500374WC

Nguyen, Tri Minh, and Long Bao Le. "Joint pilot assignment and resource allocation in multicell massive MIMO network: Throughput and energy efficiency maximization."Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC). IEEE, 2015.‏ DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2015.7127502

Li, Jiahui, et al. "Energy-efficient Butler-matrix-based hybrid beamforming for multiuser mmWave MIMO system." Science China Information Sciences 60.8 (2017): 1-10.

‏

A. Salh, L. Audah, N. S. M. Shah, and S. A. Hamzah, " Trade-Off Energy and Spectral Efficiency in a Downlink Massive MIMO System". Wireless Personal Communications, vol.106, no.2, pp.897-910, 2019.

Hao, Yuanyuan, et al. "Energy-and spectral-efficiency tradeoff in massive MIMO systems with inter-user interference." 2015 IEEE 26th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC). IEEE, 2015.‏ 10.1109/PIMRC.2015.7343361

Jung, Minchae, et al. "Asymptotic distribution of system capacity in multiuser MIMO systems with large number of antennas." 2013 IEEE 77th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring). IEEE, 2013.‏ DOI: 10.1109/VTCSpring.2013.6692462

Mabrook, M. Mourad, Hussein A. Khalil, and Aziza I.Hussein. "Artificial intelligence based cooperative spectrum sensing algorithm for cognitive radio networks." Procedia Computer Science 163 (2019):19-29.‏ doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.12.081

Salah, Ibrahim, et al. "Energy efficiency optimization in adaptive massive MIMO networks for 5G applications using genetic algorithm." Optical and Quantum Electronics 54.2 (2022): 1-11.‏

Björnson, Emil, et al. "Optimal design of energy-efficient multi-user MIMO systems: Is massive MIMO the answer?." IEEE Transactions on wireless communications 14.6 (2015): 3059-3075.‏ DOI: 10.1109/TWC.2015.2400437

Miao, Guowang, et al. "Fundamentals of mobile data networks." Cambridge University Press, 2016.‏

Lathi,and Bhagwandas Pannalal." Modern digital and analog communication systems." Oxford university press, 1998.

Ngo, Hien Quoc, Michail Matthaiou, and Erik G. Larsson. "Performance analysis of large scale MU-MIMO with optimal linear receivers." 2012 Swedish Communication Technologies Workshop (Swe-CTW). IEEE, 2012.

Nayebi, Elina, et al. "Precoding and power optimization in cell-free massive MIMO systems." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 16.7 (2017): 4445-4459.‏‏ DOI: 10.1109/TWC.2017.2698449

Li, Xueru, et al. "Massive MIMO with multi-cell MMSE processing: Exploiting all pilots for interference suppression." EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking 2017.1 (2017): 1-15.‏

Neumann, David, Michael Joham, and Wolfgang Utschick. "On MSE based receiver design for massive MIMO." SCC 2017; 11th International ITG Conference on Systems, Communications and Coding. VDE, 2017

Downloads

Published

2024-04-19

Issue

Vol. 69 No. 1 (2023)

Section

Wireless and Mobile Communications

License

Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

1. License

The non-commercial use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

2. Author’s Warranties

The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author/s, has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author/s. The undersigned also warrants that the manuscript (or its essential substance) has not been published other than as an abstract or doctorate thesis and has not been submitted for consideration elsewhere, for print, electronic or digital publication.

3. User Rights

Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, the author(s) and users are free to share (copy, distribute and transmit the contribution) under the following conditions: 1. they must attribute the contribution in the manner specified by the author or licensor, 2. they may alter, transform, or build upon this work, 3. they may use this contribution for commercial purposes.

4. Rights of Authors

Authors retain the following rights:

- copyright, and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights,

- the right to use the substance of the article in own future works, including lectures and books,

- the right to reproduce the article for own purposes, provided the copies are not offered for sale,

- the right to self-archive the article

- the right to supervision over the integrity of the content of the work and its fair use.

5. Co-Authorship

If the article was prepared jointly with other authors, the signatory of this form warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to sign this agreement on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this agreement.

6. Termination

This agreement can be terminated by the author or the Journal Owner upon two months’ notice where the other party has materially breached this agreement and failed to remedy such breach within a month of being given the terminating party’s notice requesting such breach to be remedied. No breach or violation of this agreement will cause this agreement or any license granted in it to terminate automatically or affect the definition of the Journal Owner. The author and the Journal Owner may agree to terminate this agreement at any time. This agreement or any license granted in it cannot be terminated otherwise than in accordance with this section 6. This License shall remain in effect throughout the term of copyright in the Work and may not be revoked without the express written consent of both parties.

7. Royalties

This agreement entitles the author to no royalties or other fees. To such extent as legally permissible, the author waives his or her right to collect royalties relative to the article in respect of any use of the article by the Journal Owner or its sublicensee.

8. Miscellaneous

The Journal Owner will publish the article (or have it published) in the Journal if the article’s editorial process is successfully completed and the Journal Owner or its sublicensee has become obligated to have the article published. Where such obligation depends on the payment of a fee, it shall not be deemed to exist until such time as that fee is paid. The Journal Owner may conform the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization and usage that it deems appropriate. The Journal Owner will be allowed to sublicense the rights that are licensed to it under this agreement. This agreement will be governed by the laws of Poland.

By signing this License, Author(s) warrant(s) that they have the full power to enter into this agreement. This License shall remain in effect throughout the term of copyright in the Work and may not be revoked without the express written consent of both parties.