Compact Broadband Circularly Polarized Truncated Parasitic Patch Antenna
Abstract
In this paper design of a microstrip patch antenna, incorporating parasitic patches and Defective Ground Structure (DGS) to achieve wide bandwidth, high gain and circular polarization is presented. The initial single-patch design operating at 5.55 GHz showed poor impedance matching (-4.52 dB), limited bandwidth, and no circular polarization. To overcome these issues, parasitic patches were added, resulting in dual-band operation at 5.25 GHz and 7.45 GHz, with enhanced return losses of -14.64 dB and -12.04 dB, with impedance bandwidths of 190 MHz and 160 MHz, respectively. The 100 MHz axial-ratio bandwidth was the first step towards achieving circular polarization. Further optimization resulted in a wideband resonance at 6.1 GHz, with a bandwidth of 1.12 GHz (5.12–6.24 GHz) and an improved axial-ratio bandwidth of 1.10 GHz (5.09–6.20 GHz). The gain increased to 10.7 dBi. In the final phase incorporation of H-shaped DGS resulted in a broadband of 2.12 GHz (4.07–6.19 GHz) and axial-ratio bandwidths of 360 MHz and 870 MHz. The recommended antenna is appropriate for satellite communications and radar applications.
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