On the Comparison of Various Overhead Arrangements for Massive MIMO-OFDM Channel Estimation
Abstract
Massive multi input multi output (MIMO) systems incorporate orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technology to render high data rate services for future wireless communication applications. The channel estimator (CE) employed by a reliable massive MIMO-OFDM system requires huge amount of overhead in the form of known and null data transmissions, hence limiting the system spectral efficiency (SE). Often, CE design is a tradeoff between SE and system reliability. In this paper, CE with three different overhead arrangements, namely time domain synchronous (TDS), comb type with cyclic prefix (CTCP), $2D$ grid type with cyclic prefix (GTCP) are investigated and a GTCP based CE is proposed which offers both high SE and improved system reliability. The proposed CE uses autocorrelation based denoising threshold for channel impulse response (CIR) estimation and does not require any knowledge of channel statistics (KCS). A $4 \times 16$ MIMO-OFDM system is simulated in a rayleigh fading channel environment with U-shaped doppler spectrum. From the bit error rate (BER) performance results in WiMax SUI-$4$, Advanced Television Technology Center (ATTC) and Brazil A channel environments, it is verified that the proposed CE with GTCP overhead and proposed denoising scheme, indeed improves both SE and system reliability. Hence it is suitable for application in all massive MIMO-OFDM systems.References
L. Dai, Z. Wang, and Z. Yang, “Spectrally efficient time-frequency
training ofdm for mobile large-scale mimo systems,” Selected Areas in Communications, IEEE Journal on, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 251–263, 2013.
X. Su, J. Zeng, L.-P. Rong, and Y.-J. Kuang, “Investigation on key technologies in large-scale mimo,” Journal of Computer Science and Technology , vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 412–419, 2013. [Online]. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11390-013-1342-4
H. Q. Ngo, E. G. Larsson, and T. L. Marzetta, “Energy and spectral efficiency of very large multiuser mimo systems,” CoRR , vol. abs/1112.3810, 2011.
L. Dai, Z. Wang, and S. Chen, “A novel uplink multiple access scheme based on tds-fdma,” Wireless Communications, IEEE Transactions on , vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 757–761, 2011.
J. W. Z. T. P. M. M. Dai, L Wang, “Time domain synchronous ofdm based on simultaneous multi-channel reconstruction,” ser. Proc. of the IEEE International Confence on Communications, pp. 1–5, 2013.
S. K. Mohammed, A. Zaki, A. Chockalingam, and B. S. Rajan, “Highrate space-time coded large mimo: Low-complexity detection and channel estimation,” CoRR , vol. abs/0809.2446, 2008.
S. Coleri, M. Ergen, A. Puri, and A. Bahai, “Channel estimation techniques based on pilot arrangement in ofdm systems,” Broadcasting, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 223–229, 2002.
K. Zheng, J. Su, and W. Wang, “Iterative dft-based channel estimation for mimo-ofdm systems,” in Communications, Circuits and Systems Proceedings, 2006 International Conference on, vol. 2, pp. 1081– 1085, 2006.
W. Li, X. Wang, P. Gu, and D. Wang, “Research on channel estimation of mimoofdm system,” in Informatics and Management Science III , ser. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, W. Du, Ed. Springer London, vol. 206, pp. 67–73, 2013.
S. Rosati, G. Corazza, and A. Vanelli-Coralli, “Ofdm channel estimation based on impulse response decimation: Analysis and novel algorithms,” Communications, IEEE Transactions on , vol. 60, no. 7, pp. 1996–2008, 2012.
J. Oliver, R. Aravind, and K. M. M. Prabhu, “Sparse channel estimation in ofdm systems by threshold-based pruning,” IEEE Electronics Letters, vol. 44, no. 13, pp. 830–832, 2008.
S. M. v. d. B. J.-J. W. S. B. Edfors, O., “Analysis of dft based channel estimators for ofdm,” Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 12, pp. 55–70, 2000.
M. R. Raghavendra and K. Giridhar, “Improving channel estimation in ofdm systems for sparse multipath channels,” IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 52–55, 2005.
Y. Kang, K. Kim, and H. Park, “Efficient dft-based channel estimation for ofdm systems on multipath channels,” Communications, IET , vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 197–202, 2007.
Y.-S. Lee, H.-C. Shin, and H. N. Kim, “Channel estimation based on a time-domain threshold for ofdm systems,” Broadcasting, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 656–662, 2009.
H. Xie, G. Andrieux, Y. Wang, J.-F. Diouris, and S. Feng, “Efficient time domain threshold for sparse channel estimation in fOFDMgsystem,” AEU- International Journal of Electronics and Communications, pp. –, 2013.
I. Choi, J.-K. Kim, H. Lee, and I. Lee, “Alamouti-codes based fourantenna transmission schemes with phase feedback,” Communications Letters, IEEE, vol. 13, no. 10, pp. 749–751, October 2009.
W. Y. Y.-C. G. K. Yong Soo Cho, Jaekwon Kim, MIMO OFDM Wireless Communications with MATLAB. Wiley, 2010.
L. Zhinian and Z. Wenjun, “Simulation for correlated rayleigh fading channels by fir pulse-shaping filtering,” in Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing, WiCom 2007. International Conference on, 2007, pp. 1091–1094, 2007.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
1. License
The non-commercial use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
2. Author’s Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author/s, has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author/s. The undersigned also warrants that the manuscript (or its essential substance) has not been published other than as an abstract or doctorate thesis and has not been submitted for consideration elsewhere, for print, electronic or digital publication.
3. User Rights
Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, the author(s) and users are free to share (copy, distribute and transmit the contribution) under the following conditions: 1. they must attribute the contribution in the manner specified by the author or licensor, 2. they may alter, transform, or build upon this work, 3. they may use this contribution for commercial purposes.
4. Rights of Authors
Authors retain the following rights:
- copyright, and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights,
- the right to use the substance of the article in own future works, including lectures and books,
- the right to reproduce the article for own purposes, provided the copies are not offered for sale,
- the right to self-archive the article
- the right to supervision over the integrity of the content of the work and its fair use.
5. Co-Authorship
If the article was prepared jointly with other authors, the signatory of this form warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to sign this agreement on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this agreement.
6. Termination
This agreement can be terminated by the author or the Journal Owner upon two months’ notice where the other party has materially breached this agreement and failed to remedy such breach within a month of being given the terminating party’s notice requesting such breach to be remedied. No breach or violation of this agreement will cause this agreement or any license granted in it to terminate automatically or affect the definition of the Journal Owner. The author and the Journal Owner may agree to terminate this agreement at any time. This agreement or any license granted in it cannot be terminated otherwise than in accordance with this section 6. This License shall remain in effect throughout the term of copyright in the Work and may not be revoked without the express written consent of both parties.
7. Royalties
This agreement entitles the author to no royalties or other fees. To such extent as legally permissible, the author waives his or her right to collect royalties relative to the article in respect of any use of the article by the Journal Owner or its sublicensee.
8. Miscellaneous
The Journal Owner will publish the article (or have it published) in the Journal if the article’s editorial process is successfully completed and the Journal Owner or its sublicensee has become obligated to have the article published. Where such obligation depends on the payment of a fee, it shall not be deemed to exist until such time as that fee is paid. The Journal Owner may conform the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization and usage that it deems appropriate. The Journal Owner will be allowed to sublicense the rights that are licensed to it under this agreement. This agreement will be governed by the laws of Poland.
By signing this License, Author(s) warrant(s) that they have the full power to enter into this agreement. This License shall remain in effect throughout the term of copyright in the Work and may not be revoked without the express written consent of both parties.
