OFDM for Cognitive Radio Systems: Novel Power Allocation and Bit Loading Algorithms
Abstract
A novel method to improve the performance of the frequency band is cognitive radio that was introduced in 1999. Due to a lot of advantages of the OFDM, adaptive OFDM method, this technique is used in cognitive radio (CR) systems, widely. In adaptive OFDM, transmission rate and power of subcarriers are allocated based on the channel variations to improve the system performance. This paper investigates adaptive resource allocation in the CR systems that are used OFDM technique to transmit data. The aim of this paper is to maximize the achievable transmission rate for the CR system by considering the interference constraint. Although secondary users can be aware form channel information between each other, but in some wireless standards, it is impossible for secondary user to be aware from channel information between itself and a primary user. Therefore, due to practical limitation, statistical interference channel is considered in this paper. This paper introduces a novel suboptimal power allocation algorithm. Also, this paper introduces a novel bit loading algorithm. In the numerical results sections, the performance of our algorithm is compared by optimal and conventional algorithms. Numerical results indicate our algorithm has better performance than conventional algorithms while its complexity is less than optimal algorithm.
References
C. B. A. Wael, N. Armi, M. T. Miftahushudur, “Power allocation in OFDM-based cognitive radio networks for fading channel,” International Conference on Radar, Antenna, Microwave, Electronics, and Telecommunications (ICRAMET), 2017.
J. Mitola, “Cognitive radio: an integrated agent architecture for software defined radio,” Ph.D. dissertation, Royal Inst. Technol., Stockholm, Sweden, 2000.
S. Pan, X. Zhao, Y. C. Liang, “Robust Power Allocation for OFDM-Based Cognitive Radio Networks: A Switched Affine Based Control Approach,” IEEE Access, vol. 5, 2017.
A. Karmokar, M. Naeem, A. Anpalagan, and Muhammad Jaseemuddin, “Energy-Efficient Power Allocation Using Probabilistic Interference Model for OFDM-Based Green Cognitive Radio Networks,”Journal of Energies, vol. 7, pp. 2535-2557, 2014.
W. Yang, X. Zhao, “Robust Relay Selection and Power Allocation for OFDM-Based Cooperative Cognitive Radio Networks,” IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), 2016.
Khederzadeh, R., Farrokhi, H. “Adaptive rate and power transmission in spectrum-sharing systems with statistical interference constraint,” IET Communications, vol. 6, pp. 870-877, 2014.
Musavian, L., Aissa, S., et al. “Adaptive Modulation in Spectrum-Sharing Channels Under Delay Quality-of-Service Constraints,” IEEE Transaction on vehicular, vol. 60, pp. 901-911, 2011.
R. K. Jangir, “Power allocation schemes for OFDM-based Cognitive Radio networks,” 2nd International Conference on Recent Advances in Engineering & Computational Sciences (RAECS), 2015.
Qaraqe, K. A., Bouida, Z., et al., “Performance Analysis of Joint Diversity Combining, Adaptive Modulation, and Power Control Schemes,” IEEE Transaction on communications, Vol. 59, pp. 106-115, 2011.
W.T. Webb and R. Steele, “Variable rate QAM for mobile radio,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. COM-43, pp. 2223-2230, 1995.
Khederzadeh, R, Hasanvand, A. J., Farrokhi, H., “Resource Management in Spectrum Sharing Cognitive Radio Networks with Probabilistic Interference Constraints,” The 22nd Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering, (ICEE 2014), 2014.
T. L. Van, H. D. Chi, K. N. Viet, H.N. Thanh, “Full-Filling Subcarrier Power Allocation in OFDMA-Based Cognitive Radio Systems,” Wireless Engineering and Technology, vol. 5, pp. 11-18, 2014.
Khederzadeh, R, Farrokhi, H., “Optimal and Suboptimal Adaptive Algorithms for Rate and Power Transmission in OFDM-Based Cognitive Radio Systems,” Computers & Electrical Engineering journal, vol. 42, pp 168-177, 2015.
Zhao, C., Kwak, K.: ‘Power/Bit loading in OFDM-based cognitive networks with comprehensive interference considerations: the single-SU case’, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 59, pp. 1910-1922, 2010.
Bansal, G., Hossain, M. J., Bhargava, V. K. “Optimal and suboptimal power allocation schemes for OFDM-based cognitive radio systems,” IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 7, pp. 4710-4718, 2008.
Bansal, G., Hossain, J., Bhargava, V. K., “Adaptive power loading for OFDM-based cognitive radio systems with statistical interference constraint,” IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 10, pp. 2786-2791, 2011.
Zhang, Y., Leung, C., “An efficient power-loading scheme for OFDM-based cognitive radio systems,” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology’, vol. 59, pp. 1858-1864, 2010.
E. Bedeer, O. A. Dobre, M. H. Ahmed, and K. E. Baddour, “Adaptive Rate and Power Transmission for OFDM-based Cognitive Radio Systems,” Signal Processing for Communications Symposium, IEEE ICC 2013.
Chung, S. T., Goldsmith, A. J. “Degrees of freedom in adaptive modulation: a unified view,” IEEE Transactions on Communications, Vol. 49, pp. 1561-1571, 2001.
V. Thumar, T. Nadkar, T. Gopavajhula, U.B. Desai and S. N. Merchant, “Power allocation, bit loading and sub-carrier bandwidth sizing for OFDM-based cognitive radio,” Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2011.
R. V. Sonalkar and R. R. Shively. “An efficient bit-loading algorithm for DMT applications,” IEEE Communication Letter, vol. 4, pp. 80–82, 2000.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
1. License
The non-commercial use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
2. Author’s Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author/s, has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author/s. The undersigned also warrants that the manuscript (or its essential substance) has not been published other than as an abstract or doctorate thesis and has not been submitted for consideration elsewhere, for print, electronic or digital publication.
3. User Rights
Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, the author(s) and users are free to share (copy, distribute and transmit the contribution) under the following conditions: 1. they must attribute the contribution in the manner specified by the author or licensor, 2. they may alter, transform, or build upon this work, 3. they may use this contribution for commercial purposes.
4. Rights of Authors
Authors retain the following rights:
- copyright, and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights,
- the right to use the substance of the article in own future works, including lectures and books,
- the right to reproduce the article for own purposes, provided the copies are not offered for sale,
- the right to self-archive the article
- the right to supervision over the integrity of the content of the work and its fair use.
5. Co-Authorship
If the article was prepared jointly with other authors, the signatory of this form warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to sign this agreement on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this agreement.
6. Termination
This agreement can be terminated by the author or the Journal Owner upon two months’ notice where the other party has materially breached this agreement and failed to remedy such breach within a month of being given the terminating party’s notice requesting such breach to be remedied. No breach or violation of this agreement will cause this agreement or any license granted in it to terminate automatically or affect the definition of the Journal Owner. The author and the Journal Owner may agree to terminate this agreement at any time. This agreement or any license granted in it cannot be terminated otherwise than in accordance with this section 6. This License shall remain in effect throughout the term of copyright in the Work and may not be revoked without the express written consent of both parties.
7. Royalties
This agreement entitles the author to no royalties or other fees. To such extent as legally permissible, the author waives his or her right to collect royalties relative to the article in respect of any use of the article by the Journal Owner or its sublicensee.
8. Miscellaneous
The Journal Owner will publish the article (or have it published) in the Journal if the article’s editorial process is successfully completed and the Journal Owner or its sublicensee has become obligated to have the article published. Where such obligation depends on the payment of a fee, it shall not be deemed to exist until such time as that fee is paid. The Journal Owner may conform the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization and usage that it deems appropriate. The Journal Owner will be allowed to sublicense the rights that are licensed to it under this agreement. This agreement will be governed by the laws of Poland.
By signing this License, Author(s) warrant(s) that they have the full power to enter into this agreement. This License shall remain in effect throughout the term of copyright in the Work and may not be revoked without the express written consent of both parties.