An overview of the methods of synthesis, realization and implementation of orthogonal 3-D rotation filters and possibilities of further research and development
Abstract
In the paper, an overview of the methods and algorithms of synthesis, realization and implementation used by the author to obtain orthogonal 3-D filters with a structure made of Givens rotations has been presented. The main advantage of orthogonal filters, which may have a lower sensitivity to quantization of the coefficients, was indicated. The author proposed a number of possible changes and modifications of individual stages, which may result in obtaining filters with even better parameters. The work will be the basis for the direction of further research.References
P.P. Vaidyanathan, „Multirate Systems And Filter Banks”, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1993. ISBN: 81-7758-942-3
V. C. Liu, P. P. Vaidyanathan, „ Roundoff noise generated by orthogonal building blocks in signal processing structures”, IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Finland, 1988, pp. 2731-2734. DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.1988.15504
E. Deprettere, „Synthesis and fixed-point implementation of pipelined true orthogonal filters”, ICASSP '83. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1983, pp. 217-220. DOI: 10.1109/ICASSP.1983.1172177
A. Fettweis, „Digital filter structures related to classical filter networks”, AEÜ, vol. 25, no. 2, 1971, pp. 79-89.
E. Deprettere, „Synthesis and fixed-point implementation of pipelined true orthogonal filters”, ICASSP '83. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1983, pp. 217-220. DOI: 10.1109/ICASSP.1983.1172177
R. Wirski, K. Wawryn, „Stanowa synteza systemów bezstratnych o skończonej odpowiedzi impulsowej”, Przegląd Elektrotechniczny, vol. 86(11a), 2010, str. 218-221.
R.T.Wirski, „Synthesis of 2-D state-space equations for orthogonal separable denominator systems”, International Conference on Signals and Electronic Systems (ICSES), Gliwice 2010, pp. 285-288.
R.T.Wirski, „On the realization of 2-D orthogonal state-space systems”, Signal Processing, vol. 88, no. 11, 2008, pp. 2747-2753. DOI:10.1016/j.sigpro.2008.05.018
R. Wirski, K. Wawryn, „State space synthesis of two-dimensional FIR lossless filters”, International Conference on Signals and Electronic Systems (ICSES), Krakow 2008, pp. 367-370. DOI:10.1109/ICSES.2008.4673438
R.T. Wirski, „Synthesis of orthogonal Roesser model for two-dimensional FIR filters”, International Symposium on Information Theory and its Applications (ISITA), Taichung Taiwan 2010. DOI:10.1109/ISITA.2010.5649701
R.Wirski, K.Wawryn, B. Strzeszewski, „State-space approach to implementation of FIR systems using pipeline rotation structures”, International Conference on Signals and Electronic Systems (ICSES), Wroclaw 2012. DOI:10.1109/ICSES.2012.6382223
K.Wawryn, R.Wirski, B. Strzeszewski, „Implementation of finite impulse response systems using rotation structures”, International Symposium on Information Theory and Its Applications (ISITA), Taichung Taiwan 2010, pp. 606-610. DOI: 10.1109/ISITA.2010.5649712
R. T. Wirski, B. Strzeszewski, K. Wawryn, „Orthogonal implementation of two-dimensional separable denominator systems”, International Conference on Signals and Electronic Circuits (ICSES), Gliwice 2010, pp. 371-374.
P. Poczekajło, R. Wirski, „Synteza separowalnych trójwymiarowych filtrów ortogonalnych o strukturze potokowej”, Przegląd Elektrotechniczny, vol. 89(10), 2013, str. 150-152. DOI: 10.15199/48.2016.09.02
P. Poczekajło, R. Wirski, „Synthesis and Realization of 3-D Orthogonal FIR Filters Using Pipeline Structures”, Circuits Systems and Signal Processing, vol. 37, no. 4, 2018 (online 2017), pp. 1669-1691. DOI: 10.1007/s00034-017-06
P. Poczekajło, K. Wawryn, „Algorithm for Realisation, Parameter Analysis, and Measurement of Pipelined Separable 3D Finite Impulse Response Filters Composed of Givens Rotation Structures”, IET Signal Processing, vol. 12, iss. 7, 2018, pp. 857-867. DOI: 10.1049/iet spr.2017.0450
K. Wawryn, P. Poczekajlo, R. Wirski, „FPGA implementation of 3-D separable Gauss filter using pipeline rotation structures”, 22nd International Conference on Mixed Design of Integrated Circuits Systems (MIXDES), Torun 2015, pp. 589-594. DOI: 10.1109/MIXDES.2015.7208592
P. Poczekajlo, K. Wawryn, „Hardware implementation of 3D pipelined laplace filter based on rotation structures”, 24th International Conference on Mixed Design of Integrated Circuits Systems (MIXDES), Bydgoszcz 2017, pp. 276-280. DOI: 10.23919/MIXDES.2017.8005215
P. Poczekajło, „Analiza wybranych metod realizacji sprzętowej rotatorów Givensa w układzie FPGA”, Przegląd Elektrotechniczny, vol. 94(9), 2018, str. 26-28. DOI: 10.15199/48.2018.09.06
R. P. Roesser, „A discrete state-space model for linear image processing”, IEEE Trans. Automat. Contr., vol. 20, no. 1, Feb. 1975, pp. 1–10.
R. Suszyński, K. Wawryn, R. Wirski, „2D signal processing for identification and tracking moving object”, Przegląd Elektrotechniczny, vol. 87(10), 2011, str. 126-129. ISSN 0033-2097
K. Gałkowski, „State-space realisations of linear 2-D systems with extensions to the general nD (n>2) case”, Springer, London, 2001. ISBN: 978-1-84628-573-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0110347
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
1. License
The non-commercial use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
2. Author’s Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author/s, has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author/s. The undersigned also warrants that the manuscript (or its essential substance) has not been published other than as an abstract or doctorate thesis and has not been submitted for consideration elsewhere, for print, electronic or digital publication.
3. User Rights
Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, the author(s) and users are free to share (copy, distribute and transmit the contribution) under the following conditions: 1. they must attribute the contribution in the manner specified by the author or licensor, 2. they may alter, transform, or build upon this work, 3. they may use this contribution for commercial purposes.
4. Rights of Authors
Authors retain the following rights:
- copyright, and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights,
- the right to use the substance of the article in own future works, including lectures and books,
- the right to reproduce the article for own purposes, provided the copies are not offered for sale,
- the right to self-archive the article
- the right to supervision over the integrity of the content of the work and its fair use.
5. Co-Authorship
If the article was prepared jointly with other authors, the signatory of this form warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to sign this agreement on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this agreement.
6. Termination
This agreement can be terminated by the author or the Journal Owner upon two months’ notice where the other party has materially breached this agreement and failed to remedy such breach within a month of being given the terminating party’s notice requesting such breach to be remedied. No breach or violation of this agreement will cause this agreement or any license granted in it to terminate automatically or affect the definition of the Journal Owner. The author and the Journal Owner may agree to terminate this agreement at any time. This agreement or any license granted in it cannot be terminated otherwise than in accordance with this section 6. This License shall remain in effect throughout the term of copyright in the Work and may not be revoked without the express written consent of both parties.
7. Royalties
This agreement entitles the author to no royalties or other fees. To such extent as legally permissible, the author waives his or her right to collect royalties relative to the article in respect of any use of the article by the Journal Owner or its sublicensee.
8. Miscellaneous
The Journal Owner will publish the article (or have it published) in the Journal if the article’s editorial process is successfully completed and the Journal Owner or its sublicensee has become obligated to have the article published. Where such obligation depends on the payment of a fee, it shall not be deemed to exist until such time as that fee is paid. The Journal Owner may conform the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization and usage that it deems appropriate. The Journal Owner will be allowed to sublicense the rights that are licensed to it under this agreement. This agreement will be governed by the laws of Poland.
By signing this License, Author(s) warrant(s) that they have the full power to enter into this agreement. This License shall remain in effect throughout the term of copyright in the Work and may not be revoked without the express written consent of both parties.